Add to your scrapbook. It is the largest Indian reservation in the United States, being larger than the states of. He was not a "chief" of all of the Navajo as the . He was not a "chief" of all of the Navajo as the independent minded Navajo had no central authority. Navajo delegation Manuelito & wife Mariano Narbona Primero Ganado Mucho (Much Cattle) Cabra Negra Captain Cayatanita, brother of Manuelito He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 30, 1849. Washington commanded his troops to unlimber their cannon and prepare to fire if the Navajo refused to return the, now absent, property the Americans said was stolen. Little is known of Manuelito's early life. Senate. Navajo leaders Narbona, Zarzilla (Long Earrings), and Jos Largo met with an American force of 350 soldiers. The treaty, for example, of November 22, 1846, signed by Narbona and other leaders was not accepted by Manuelito and other younger Navajos. From his very childhood, he was a great warrior. Narbona was elected second member of the Provincial Government of Sonora and Sinaloa, and on 23 July 1822 was appointed political leader of the provinces of Sonora and Sinaloa. My name is Adam (Pakpoom). Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. He was a member of the Btaan or Folded Arms People Clan and his father, Cayetano, was a recognized leader known for his resistance to foreign invasion. Eighteen hundred and eighty-two soldiers died in action on August 31, 1849. The Navajo refused, and the horse and its rider departed. In 1863, U.S. forces under Kit Carson waged a full-scale campaign against the Navajo, driving the Indians from their lands by destroying their means of subsistence. Feel free to post pictures and comments of. Mr. Zah is featured in the 100 Native Americans who shaped American History, a publication by Bluewood Books. Chief Hoskininni and his band avoided capture for four years by hiding out in the remote lands of Navajo Mountain, where perennial springs were located. Narbona was mortally wounded in the fusillade, and according to eyewitnesses, he was scalped by one of the New Mexico militiamen. He married the daughter of Narbona, a prominent Navajo peace leader, at the age of sixteen. Presented here is a collection of the life stories of 15 famous Navajo leaders. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. The Bear Spring (Ojo del Oso) Treaty was signed on November 21, 1846 between Chief Narbona and 13 other Navajo leaders and Colonel Alexander Doniphan representing the US Government at Bear Springs, New Mexico in the Navajo country, near the future site of Fort Wingate. Events occurring with western settlement were intrusion of the United States Army into New Mexico; confusion and conflict with the new government and Indian affairs of New Mexico; death of Narbona, a Navajo leader of peace; signing of the Washington treaty; leadership under Manuelito, a Navajo leader; Kit Carson's campaign to imprison Navajos . The treaty is called The Navajo Treaty of 1868. Manuelito was interested in Anglo-American education because he saw it as a way to better his family's life. Barboncito, who lived from about 1820 to 1871, was a respected Navajo leader. He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 31, 1849. He was born in 1867 near Ft. Wingate, as his family was beginning their return from the Long Walk. During his long life, Narbona had gained and used many skills to protect his family from enemies of many descriptions. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. By the autumn of 1866, Manuelito and his people were starving and so finally surrendered. He married Juanita a daughter of Narbona (17661849) after joining Narbona's Band, and went to live at their camp near the Chuska Mountains. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars. Stimulated in part by seeing photographs of these ancestors . The man was gone, but his mark was forever engraved on the history of his people. Formed in August 2022 Narbona is a band that pays homage to The Navajo People. Despite his best efforts to the contrary, by the mid-1860s his people were in the midst of their own "Trail of Tears," known . Drag images here or select from your computer for Narbona Primero memorial. As a leader, Narbona (1576), on the Navajo reservation, took part in many wars, including that of 1868-1898. December 400 volunteer citizens mount a campaign against the Navajos. Narbona was one of the wealthiest Navajo of his time due to the amount of sheep and horses owned by his extended family group. Narbona became one of the most prominent tribal leaders after the massacre of 24 Navajo leaders in June, 1822 at Jemez Pueblo. He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 30, 1849. This award is given as the highest civil honor presented to an individual in peacetime. Narbona Primero was a greatly respected and wealthy Navajo man born in 1766 and killed in 1849 in a confrontation with the US Army. A Philadelphia artist and naturalist named Richard Kern, who was there when Narbona died, later regretted that he had failed to secure the Navajo leader's skull for his friend Dr. Samuel Morton . 40 of the raiders died. but the peace began to disintegrate following the killing of a respected Navajo leader by the name of Narbona in 1849. During his lifetimeManuelito is said to have had four wives, the last of whom was named Juanita. Learn more about merges. During the next ten years, the U.S. established forts on traditional Navajo territory. During what was to be a peaceful meeting, a warrior named Sadoval rode a horse around in front of everyone in attempt to break the treaty. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. Manuelito and Ganado Mucho arrested 40 men as thieves or witches. They did not wear anything different than other Navajo. This book presents Navajo history in two aspects--traditional stories that describe the ancestors of the Navajo and explain how the Earth-Surface World was changed from monster-filled chaos into the well-ordered world of today, and historical events from 1525 to today after the Navajos had settled in the Southwest. According to tradition, his sons in a knotted death blanket in a crevice. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Narbona Primero (102684273)? She began her education at a boarding school in Ft. Defiance, Arizona at the age of eight. The troubles escalated with the murder or Narbona (1766-1849), a well-respected Navajo leader on August 31, 1849. Lewisham, London. The Narbona expedition killed more than 115 Navajo and took 33 women and children as slaves. The Long Walk of the Navajo also called the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo, was an Indian removal effort of the United States government in 1863 and 1864. . Annie also received an honorary Doctorate Degree from her alma mater for her tireless efforts to better the lives of the Navajo people. Inscription House Ruin Nitsie Canyon Arizona; Betatakin Cliff Dwelling Ruins - Az "Narbona : head chief of the Navajos." He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 31, 1849. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Manuelito and his band come to Ft. Wingate and go to Bosque Redondo. The document explores the eventful, often tragic, history of the Navajo Tribe from the time of Narbona (1773), when Navajoland was Spanish territory, to the present. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. Narbona (1766 - August 30, 1849) was a Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars. They nearly overran it, but superior gunfire forced a retreat. In his later years, he advocated education for his people in the hopes that they might improve their lives. The eighty-year-old Narbona was suffering from an attack of influenza and was. The U.S. party was composed of both U.S. Regulars and local New Mexican auxiliaries. In this groundbreaking book, the first Navajo to earn a doctorate in history seeks to rewrite Navajo history. Dodge was survived by five of his six children, one of whom was Annie Dodge Wauneka. Two years after his death she was appointed as the first woman member of the Navajo Tribal Council. They were the sworn enemies of the Apache, and guarded the medallion for many years. The Navajo refused, and the horse and its rider departed. He was a Navajo rancher and politician. Around 1846, large numbers of pioneers moved into the area and the cavalry came with them. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. A system error has occurred. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. Although the Navajo leader intended to negotiate peace with the more powerful "New Men," he was shot and killed when one of the soldiers under Col. John Washington's command claimed one of the Navajos was on a horse stolen from him. Sun At Noon Day aka Tabooachaget - Ute 1873. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Upon his return, he again lived east of Tohatchi. A principal Navajo war chief, Manuelito, was born near Bears Ears Peak in southeastern Utah in about 1818. 1892 Is called to Ft. Wingate to discuss certain renegade Navajos who were raiding stock belonging to non-Navajos. Answer: There is nothing that I would call a "city" . On the day he died, he put his mark on the paper which resulted in the first treaty to be ratified between the Navajos and the United States. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Timberlin Henderson (38:43) garnered sixth place. They had been travelling under flag of truce to a . He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 30, 1849. Colonel John M. Washington and others of the military stationed in the area. Events occurring with western settlement were intrusion of the United States Army into New Mexico; confusion and conflict with the new government and Indian affairs of New Mexico; death of Narbona, a Navajo leader of peace; signing of the Washington treaty; leadership under Manuelito, a Navajo leader; Kit Carson's campaign to imprison Navajos and Apaches; the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo, which . This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. He earned the war name Hashkeh Naabaah (Angry Warrior). . ManuelitoManuelito (1818-1893) was a Navajo leader during the Navajo War of 1863-66. 1858 Manuelito told Major Brooks, commander Ft. Defiance that Navajos need the pastures (Ewell's Hay Camp) around the Fort for their livestock. Manuelito, as he was known to the white settlers and government forces, was Ashkii Diyinii, Holy Boy, to his own people, later to earn the name Haastin Chil Haajin, or Sir Black Reeds, named for 'the place among the black reeds'. It is a sympathetic history of a great people who depended on their tenacity and creative adaptability to survive troubled times. Later Herrero Grande and Fecundo were sent from Ft. Sumner to Zuni to tell him to come in. But helpful nevertheless, he led me down the corridor to a locked room, opened it and pointed a crooked finger at a large dusty wooden trunk . [citation needed]. Winter is now here and one of the famous question to be asked is "how are the roads over the mountain?" So here is a page for updates on the road condition. Try again later. When that was refused, a cannon was fired into the crowd. The document explores the eventful, often tragic, history of the Navajo Tribe from the time of Narbona (1773), when Navajoland was Spanish territory, to the present. 1882 Navajos and white settlers argue over land that Manuelito says is theirs. We have set your language to Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? In 1982 he ran for the position of Tribal Chairman and won. He was reelected in 1946, but contracted pneumonia soon after and died from the disease on January 7, 1947. 1893 Manuelito dies from measles complicated by pneumonia. Failed to remove flower. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The Navajo came into contact with the United States Army in 1846, when General Stephen W. Kearny invaded Santa Fe with 1,600 men during the Mexican-American War.In 1846, following an invitation from a small party of American soldiers under the command of Captain John Reid who journeyed deep into Navajo country and contacted him, Narbona and other Navajo negotiated a treaty of peace with . The New York Public Library Digital . In 1892 his trading post was a major part of a conflict between Indian agent Dana Shipley and a powerful Navajo headman named Black Horse. Kiva, The Journal of Southwest Anthropology and History was founded by the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society in the 1930s as an outlet for publishing the bourgeoning archaeological work on the southwest United States and northwest Mexico. He became the Navajo Nation's first president in 1990. At this point, a New Mexican officer claimed that he noticed a horse that belonged to him being ridden by one of the Navajo warriors. March 15, 2017 CHIEF NARBONA Narbona (1766 - August 30, 1849) was a Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars. Kiva 8 posters of Din leaders from the past, including their Navajo names and historical time they lived in: Manuelito, Barboncito, Ganado Mucho, Mariano, Chee Dodge, Cayetanito (brother of Manuelito), Narbona and the Navajo Delegation that went to Washington in 1874. They are not at all in the past tense. When Manuelito was young, he participated in an ambush against the Pueblo Indians. A soldier said it was his horse that Sadoval was riding. 3. Originally an Enemy Navajo. 1. [1][2] In February 1835 he led the Navajo to a decisive victory in an ambush of a Mexican expedition in the Chuska Mountains led by Captain Blas de Hinojos. The treaty, for example, of November 22, 1846, signed by Narbona and other leaders was not accepted by Manuelito and other younger Navajos. For several years he led a group of warriors in resisting federal efforts to forcibly remove the Navajo people to Bosque Redondo, New Mexico via the Long Walk in 1864. In February 1835 he led the Navajo People in an ambush of a Mexican expedition into the Chuska Mountains led by Captain Blas de Hinojos and defeated it utterly. From his very childhood, he was a great warrior. By the 1850s, . After several misunderstandings, translators managed to work out an acceptable list of terms for peace between the two parties. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. When word came in the winter of 1835 that 1000 Mexicans (from New Mexico) were coming to attack the Navajos, Manuelito fought his first in what would be many violent battles. Or book now at one of our other 4350 great restaurants in Key Biscayne. Class: Gap. However, no silver mine or deposit has ever been found. He had reported back faithfully of their power. This article is about the Navajo chief. The Navajo cultivated crops on the fertile floors of canyons, including Canyon de Chelly, home to the ancient Anasazi people. As the peace council broke up, Sadoval, a young Navajo warrior of some distinction, began riding his horse to and fro, exhorting the 200300 Navajo warriors in attendance to break the new treaty immediately. This memorial has been copied to your clipboard. In 1942 he was elected tribal chairman for another term. The Navajo refused, and the horse and its rider departed. By the 1850s, the U.S. government had begun establishing forts in Navajo territory, namely Fort Defiance (near present-day Window Rock, Arizona) and Fort . GREAT NEWS! (Copper Pass) but Narbona being the skilled and smart leader he was, was planning a counter attack. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. He followed the old Navajo custom of marrying multiple wives. In 1835, Narbona led a successful ambush of the Mexican enemies at a pass, now known as Narbona Pass, in retaliation. Hoskininni's sound leadership eventually enabled this particular band of Navajo to thrive and prosper in this area. For several years he led a group of warriors in resisting federal efforts to forcibly remove the Navajo people to Bosque Redondo, New Mexico via the Long Walk in 1864. He then enrolled in the Fort Defiance Indian School where he learned to read and write in English. Manuelito's band moved their stock closer and a skirmish happened and Manuelito lost over 100 cattle and other livestock. Kit Carson arrived in 1863 to talk peace with the Navajo leaders but they failed to show up. President John F. Kennedy sent her the news in the fall of 1963. They had been travelling under . For several years he led a group of warriors in resisting federal efforts to forcibly remove the Navajo people to Bosque Redondo, New Mexico via the Long Walk in 1864. The treaty to which he had given his consent was signed at Canyon de Chelly in September. By the 1850s, the U.S. government had begun establishing forts in . He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 30, 1849. In the sixth grade Annie was sent to the Albuquerque Indian School. Major Ridge. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. 1836: Manuelito married the daughter of Chief Narbona; 1846: On November 22, 1846 Alexander Doniphan met with Navajo leaders to pledge a firm and lasting peace in the Lava Springs Treaty; 1849: Manuelito's father-in-law, Chief Narbona, was murdered by soldiers on an exploring expedition into Navajo country There are many known Navajo (Din) leaders: Antonio el Pinto --- Hashke' likzh, died Oct 26 1793. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. They nearly overran it, but superior gunfire forced a retreat. Sub Chief Narbona Primero - Navajo 1874-5. She began her education at a boarding school in Ft. Defiance, Arizona at the age of eight. Narbona or Hastiin Narbona 1766 - August 31, 1849 was the Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars.He was killed in a confrontation with U.S. soldiers on August 31, 1849. COVID-19: After a 'scary' beginning, Navajo leaders say their response has become a model. Lawrence D. Sundberg taught for many years among the Navajo in Arizona and has a solid background in not only education and curriculum development, but in Navajo history, language and culture.. He was also known as Hastiin Hastiin Daagi (Full-bearded Man), Bislahalani (The Orator) and the Beautyway Chanter. Narbona Pass is a pass through the natural break between the Tunicha and Chuska Mountains, an elongated range on the Colorado Plateau on the Navajo Nation. Her biographer and great-great-great granddaughter Jennifer Nez Denetdale describes taking a trip to Los Angeles to view the dress. Narbona lived the honorable life of a great man, during the most difficult century the Navajos had ever known. Manuelito had two wivesthe first was the daughter of Narbona, the great Navajo leader and the second a Mexican woman named Juana. Navajo Political Leader Annie Dodge Wauneka (1910-1997) was born on April 10, 1910 near Sawmill, AZ. "I need a couple towels," I told him. He was born at Ft. Defiance, Arizona, to a Navajo-Jemez mother of the Coyote Pass Clan. However, Manuelito and about 4,000 of his people were not among them. 1867, September Manuelito leaves to raid Utes, after Comanches and then Utes raid Navajos at Bosque Redondo. In the fall of 1862,Major General James H. Carleton was to the New Mexico Territory and made plans tosubdue the Navajo and force them to a reservation called theBosque Redondo in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. Upon his return to his homeland, Dodge was reunited with an aunt who had married an anglo. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. All rights reserved. This area encompasses the area of the Navajo-Hopi Land Dispute While living at Low Mountain, Zah gained valuable knowledge of his own tribe and living in close proximity to the Hopi brought him valuable knowledge of the Hopi tribe as well. Military records cite this development as a precautionary measure to protect citizens and the Navajo from each other. Volumes 1 to 68 were self published, Volumes 69 to present were published with AltaMira Press. One of those leaders was the 83-year-old Narbona, the President said. He replaced long term chairman Peter MacDonald for one term. There he earned the name Hashkeh Naabaah (Angry Warrior). 1980 The Navajo Nation Office of Scholarship and Financial Assistance names a Scholarship in honor of Manuelito. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? As the keynote speaker at the National Indian Education Association Convention in October 2004, he introduced his mother, Mae Zah recalled the times that he and his mother would have to ride a horse for several miles just to find someone to read letters they received from his father, who was away at work on the railroads. Traditionally, the Navajo did not live in towns like the Hopi or other Pueblo peoples. . This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. Photos larger than 8Mb will be reduced. Summary. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. A great humanitarian, Dodge fought for human rights, rights that she believed all people were entitled to have. The hardships and rewards of early band life, encounters with the Pueblos that revolutionized Navajo culture, the adversity of Spanish colonization, the expansion . I thought you might like to see a memorial for Narbona Primero I found on Findagrave.com. He and his band returned. Manuelito (1818-1893) was a Navajo leader during the Navajo War of 1863-66. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. The school experienced a tuberculosis outbreak during the time of Annie's attendance. In 1951 she was appointed to serve as Chairman of the Tribal Council's Health and Welfare Committee. Legend says that Hoskininni and his band discovered silver in the area because of the large amounts of jewelry that the band possessed, noticed by other Navajos who returned to the area after internment at Bosque Redondo ended. He married the daughter of Narbona, a prominent Navajo peace leader, at the age of sixteen. His name means Little Manuel in Spanish, and non-Navajo nicknamed him Bullet Hole.. In the years that followed, Manuelito led one raiding party after another, joining forces with other leaders such as Ganado Mucho and Barboncito to attack not only the hated Mexicans, but also the Hopis in Arizona, the Puebloan peoples of New Mexico, the Utes, the Comanches, and the Apaches. Hoskininni and his band of Navajo resisted the efforts of the United States military to round up all Navajo and force them to march hundreds of miles east, to Bosque Redondo/Fort Sumner, New Mexico (known as "The Long Walk"). At this point, a New Mexican officer claimed that he noticed a horse that belonged to him being ridden by one of the Navajo warriors. About The Author Cindy Yurth Cindy Yurth was the Tsyi' Bureau reporter, covering the Central Agency of the Navajo Nation, until her retirement on May 31, 2021. Chief Manuelito or Hastiin Chil Haajin ("Sir Black Reeds", "Man of the Black Plants Place") (18181893) was one of the principal headmen of the Din people before, during and after the Long Walk Period. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. He was hired as the head of the Dine'beiina Nahiilna Be Agaditahe (DNA). As many Navajo, he was known by different names depending upon context. In the fall of 1846 the venerable Navajo warrior Narbona, greatest of his people's chieftains, looked down upon the small town of Santa Fe, the stronghold of the Mexican settlers he had been fighting his whole long life. Born near Bears Ears, Utah in 1818, he migrated to eastern Arizona, joining Chief Narbona's band in the foothills of the Chuska mountains. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. He was living with this family when, in 1864, he was forced by the United States Government, along with thousands of other Navajos to walk over 300 miles to Bosque Redondo, near Ft. Sumner, New Mexico from their homelands in what is now northeastern Arizona. Press, Philada." The DNA provided legal assistance to the Navajo, Hopi, and Apache Tribes. Narbona was one of the wealthiest Navajo of his time due to the number of sheep and horses owned by his extended family group. Narbona (1766 - August 30th, 1849) was a Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars. The U.S. party was composed of both U.S. Regulars and local New Mexican auxiliaries. cemeteries found in will be saved to your photo volunteer list. He died in1893 from measles complicated by pneumonia. Food supplies, livestock, and women and children were all fair game, and eventually Manuelito married one of his many Mexican slaves, Juanita (18451910). Narbona was later killed. The exact year of birth and the name of his father are not known. Narbona became one of the most prominent tribal leaders after the massacre of 24 Navajo leaders in June, 1822 at Jemez Pueblo. The Navajo again denied his request, and the Americans opened fire with cannon as well as rifles. (Copper Pass) but Narbona being the skilled and smart leader he was, was planning a counter attack. The greatest award given to Mrs. Wauneka was the Presidential Medal of Freedom Award. In 1923 Dodge was selected the first chairman of the Navajo Tribal Council. The Navajo speak an Apachean language which is classified in the Athabaskan language family. He was the first among his peers to be chosen to do men's work, to learn certain skills and to go to battle. Subject matter in this quarterly publication include prehistoric and historic archaeology, ethnology, history, anthropology, linguistics, and ethnohistory. in one vol., pp. It literally means: "someone that guides growth, or directs it, by means of a process (following a number of rules or conditions)". [4] Cassandra Manuelito-Kerkvliet is his great-great granddaughter.[5]. Manuelito -- Hastiin Chilhaajin or also Ashkii Diyinii and Nabh . Building on two centuries' experience, Taylor & Francis has grown rapidlyover the last two decades to become a leading international academic publisher.The Group publishes over 800 journals and over 1,800 new books each year, coveringa wide variety of subject areas and incorporating the journal imprints of Routledge,Carfax, Spon Press, Psychology Press, Martin Dunitz, and Taylor & Francis.Taylor & Francis is fully committed to the publication and dissemination of scholarly information of the highest quality, and today this remains the primary goal. Wealthy and politic. His given Indian name was: Hastiin Ch'ilhaajinii from one clan of the Black Plants Place and Bit'aa'nii of the Folded Arms People Clan. In 20 more years, by 1849, Navajos were signing treaties with the United States. Narbona was one of the wealthiest Navajo of his time due to the amount of sheep and horses owned by his extended family group. Though Manuelito met with officials at Fort Defiance, he and othersrefused to go to Fort Sumner and instead gathered numerous Navajo andfled into the strongholds within the mountains of western New Mexico. Narbona (1766 - August 30, 1849) was a Navajo chief who participated in the Navajo Wars. This article is about the Navajo chief. Managed through a partnership between the National Park Service and the Navajo Nation, Canyon de Chelly (pronounced d''SHAY) National Monument, located on Navajo Trust Land, is one of the longest continuously inhabited landscapes in North America. The Americans held council with Navajo leaders Narbona, Achuletta, and Jos Largo. On this day, Narbona along with several hundred of his warriors, had come to meet and discuss peace with U.S. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? 1864, Start of Long Walk period. As the peace council broke up, Sadoval, a young Navajo warrior of some distinction, began riding his horse to and fro, exhorting the 200300 Navajo warriors in attendance to break the new treaty immediately, starting with the massacre of Col. Washington's command. Narbona (Q2749809) Navajo leader edit Statements instance of human 1 reference image Narbona 1849.jpg 326 413; 37 KB 0 references sex or gender male 0 references date of birth 1766 1 reference date of death 30 August 1849 Gregorian 1 reference cause of death killed in action 1 reference Identifiers Freebase ID /m/098gj1 0 references Later that same year he was named "head chief" by agent Dennis Riordan. He was not a "chief" of all of the Navajo as the independent minded Navajo had no central authority.
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